Kin selection, a type of natural selection that considers the role relatives play when evaluating the genetic fitness of a given individual. The relationship between kin selection and group or multilevel selection is a longstanding source of controversy in the social evolution literature. The authors challenge the view that kin selection may be an appropriate interpretation of their results and state that group selection is a distinctive process that. The group selection and kin selection methodologies are not equivalent 11, 73, 74. Even in social insects, there are conflicts within the group, so it is better to analyze selection with hamiltons rule which. In the kin group selection debate, for example, socalled indirect genetic effects iges on trait values are widely ignored. Lets look at a case of a selfish allele and an altruistic allele in a population that breaks the assumptions of the mean field approximation. Pdf group selection, kin selection, altruism and cooperation. Group selection is the idea that natural selection can act on scales larger than a gene, i. Kin selection and group selection kin selection is sometimes viewed as a special form of group selection that works. As this article and other authors have summarised, group selection and kin selection are equivalent views of the same evolutionary process 10, 31, 32, 57, 63, 70, 96. Kin selection, group selection, and the varieties of. Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection acts at the.
Wynneedwards1,2 has argued persuasively for the importance of behaviour in regulating the density of animal populations, and has suggested that since such behaviour favours the survival of the. It is based on the concept of inclusive fitness, which is made up of individual survival and reproduction direct fitness and any impact that an individual has on the survival and reproduction of relatives indirect fitness. Group selection, kin selection, altruism and cooperation. Altruistic behaviors are also common between close family members.
Inclusive fitness theory, summarised in hamiltons rule, is a dominant explanation for the evolution of social behaviour. Kin selection and reciprocal altruism are sometimes found to coexist in many social groups of animals and at times it is difficult to distinguish between the two or measure them independently. But really it is a special form of individual selection. I distinguish individual and populationcentred approaches to drawing such a distinction, and i proceed. Kin selection is best understood by taking a genes eye view, though it is most accurately described as a form of group selection. Wynneedwards and konrad lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups, speaking for instance of actions for the good of the species. The relationship between kin selection and group or multilevel selection is a longstanding source of controversy in the social evolution. Wynneedwards1,2 has argued persuasively for the importance of behaviour in regulating the density of animal populations, and has suggested that since such behaviour favours the survival of. Pdf group selection theory has a history of controversy. Kin selection between related individuals is accepted as an explanation of.
The authors challenge the view that kin selection may be an appropriate interpretation of their results and state that group selection is a distinctive process that permeates evolutionary processes from the emergence of the first cells to eusociality and the economics of nations. Alarm calls and group selection in birds and mammals highpitched alarm calls are given to alert other individuals of a stalking predator. Marshall department of computer sciencekroto research institute, university of shef. In a recent paper, traulsen and nowak use a multilevel selection model to show that cooperation can be favored by group selection. Group selection is said to occur when the traits of groups that systematically. A parallel thread of evolutionary theory holds that selection between groups is also a candidate explanation for social evolution. Department of ecology and evolution, biophore, university of lausanne, ch1015 lausanne, switzerland. In earlier debates, biologists tended to regard kin and group selection as rival empirical hypotheses maynard smith 1964. Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection acts at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual early authors such as v. Two concepts but one process article pdf available in proceedings of the national academy of sciences 10416.
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